Linux Introduction
Linux Course for Beginners - Linux Foundation Training
Linux Course for Beginners: A Comprehensive Course Guide
Who is this Linux Course for?
- Developers who haven’t used Linux OS before
- Linux OS beginners who want to master basic Linux commands
- Anyone who wants to understand Linux OS basic mechanism comprehensively
Introduction to Linux Course
Linux is the most important OS (Operating System) for servers. 96.3 percent of the top 1 million web servers are running Linux according to ZDNet. Recently, web servers have been running on the public cloud. When you host your website on the public cloud, you may still use a Linux OS virtual machine (instance) on AWS, GCP, Azure, or other public cloud infrastructure.
Learning the basics of Linux OS is very useful for all types of engineers. After going through this course, you'll be able to operate Linux OS through the command line.This course also shows actual operation examples using AWS Lightsail, which can quickly provide access to the Linux OS environment.
Throughout this course, you will learn:
- Key functionalities of Linux OS
- Basic Linux commands
- Remote server operation
- User and user group management (permission setting)
- Process management with Linux OS
What you will achieve in this Linux course
Expected Achievement 1
Master Linux Commands
You'll master ~40 key Linux commands. You can practice them in the actual Linux environment using AWS.
Expected Achievement 2
Manage Servers Remotely
You'll be able to operate a remote Linux server connected through SSH. You’ll also master how to use VS Code for remote Linux server operations.
Expected Achievement 3
Create Auto Running Programs
You'll build an auto-running program using a shell script through simply copying and pasting our guided code.
Expected Achievement 4
Understand Key Linux Functionalities
You'll be able to master basic Vim text editor operations with our visual guide.
Expected Achievement 5
Master Vim Operation
You'll fully understand important key functionalities of Linux through visual explanations.
How to learn Linux with this course?
Below is a guide on how to use this course effectively. You can read this part later when you start to learn relevant topics.
Command Line
In this course, we use different command line designs. When you practice, especially with remote operations, it is important to understand which command line we are talking about. Here are the different types of command line designs we are using in this course.
AWS Lightsail browser-based SSH client
These are covered in Chapter 2-6.
Normal user mode
-
Normal user mode
-
Terminal on Mac or Powershell on Windows or VS Code for both cases
These are covered used in Chapter 7 and 8.
Local operation (not connected to the remote server)
-
Remote operation (connected to the remote server) – normal user mode
-
Remote operation (connected to the remote server) – superuser mode
-
Sample Files
We prepared some sample files for Chapter 2, Chapter 5, Chapter 7, and Chapter 8. If you want to download the sample files for your reference, clone the repository below.
Sample Files
Before cloning the repository, prepare the Linux Ubuntu OS environment as explained in Setting Up Linux Environment on AWS .
Once you set up the Linux Ubuntu OS environment, clone the repository.
Command Line - INPUT (for HTTPS)
git clone https://github.com/ocean-blue2022/linux-os-introduction.git
Or
Command Line - INPUT (for SSH)
git clone git@github.com:ocean-blue2022/linux-os-introduction.git
The Chapter 5 and Chapter 8 sample files contain shell scripts with absolute paths. After you clone this repository, move all directories to your home directory (ubuntu) so that shell scripts work properly with proper absolute paths.
home
└── ubuntu
├── README.md
├── dir_ch2
├── dir_ch5
├── dir_ch7_remote
└── dir_ch8
Chapter 1. Linux Basics
11 lessons
Chapter Information
Chapter 1. Linux Basics
What Is OS?
CUI and GUI
Linux Distributions
Package Manager
Kernel and Shell
Current Working Directory
Linux Directory Structure
Absolute Path and Relative Path (Linux OS)
Linux Command Syntax
Special Characters and Escape Character
Chapter 2. Linux Key Commands
18 lessons
Chapter Information
Chapter 2. Linux Key Commands
Setting Up Linux Environment on AWS
pwd (Print Working Directory)
cd (Change Directory)
ls (List Contents of Directory)
mkdir (Make Directory)
rmdir (Remove Directory)
touch (Create File)
rm (Remove File)
mv (Move File and Directory)
cp (Copy File and Directory)
cat (Display File Content)
sort (Sort File Contents)
grep (Global Regular Expression Print)
Regular Expression
find (Find File and Directory)
Wildcard
ln (Create Link to File and Directory)
Chapter 3. Vim Editor
12 lessons
Chapter Information
Chapter 3. Vim Editor
What Is Vim and How to Launch It?
Normal, Insert and Visual Mode
Normal Mode (1) – Move Cursor
Normal Mode (2) – Delete
Normal Mode (3) – Copy and Paste
Normal Mode (4) – Undo and Redo
Normal Mode (5) – Search Phrase
Normal Mode (6) – Replace Phrase
Normal Mode (7) – Save and Exit
Insert Mode
Visual Mode
Chapter 4. User, Group and Permission
21 lessons
Chapter Information
Chapter 4. User, Group and Permission
What Are User, Group And Permission in Linux?
Permission (Access Mode) by Owner Status
Superuser (Root User) vs. Normal User
sudo (Run Command with Superuser Privileges)
su (Switch User)
useradd (Add User)
passwd (Set Password)
userdel (Delete User)
Group – Primary Group and Secondary Group
groupadd (Add Group)
usermod (Modify User Account Information)
gpasswd (Add and Delete Users to Group)
groupdel (Delete Group)
chown (Change Owner of File and Directory)
chgrp (Change Group of File and Directory)
chmod (Change Access Mode)
chmod Command with Numbers
w and who (Check Current User Login Status)
id and groups (Check User ID and Group)
getent (Display User and Group Data)
Chapter 5. Redirection, Pipe and Shell Script
12 lessons
Chapter Information
Chapter 5. Redirection, Pipe and Shell Script
Standard Input Output and Redirection
Pipe (Combine Commands)
less (Display Content with Pager)
tr (Replace Characters)
cut (Extract Data Sections)
uniq (Extract Unique Data Lines)
Shell Script
echo (Echo input)
read (Read and Store Input)
Shell Variable and Environmental Variable
source (Execute Shell Script and Refresh Environmental Variables)
Chapter 6. Commands for Command Management
7 lessons
Chapter Information
Chapter 6. Commands for Command Management
history (Check Command History)
alias (Create Command Shortcuts)
man (Display Manual)
type, which and whereis (Display Command Information)
Package Manager Command
tree (Display Directory Tree)
Chapter 7. SSH Remote Connection
11 lessons
Chapter Information
Chapter 7. SSH Remote Connection
SSH (Secure Shell)
Locate .ssh Directory
SSH Remote Login (1) – Use Key Pair Generated by Server
SSH Remote Login (2) – Use Key Pair Generated by Client
SSH Config File
SSH Remote Login with Visual Studio Code
SCP (Secure Copy Protocol)
SCP with SSH Config File
SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)
Other File Transfer Commands
Chapter 8. Process Management
16 lessons
Chapter Information
Chapter 8. Process Management
Process and Job
Foreground and Background Jobs
jobs and ps (Display Jobs and Processes)
Signals
Create, Stop and Terminate Jobs
Daemon Processes
What Is Service on Linux?
Systemd
Unit File
Systemctl Sub-Commands
Create Custom Unit and Start at Boot
Firewall
UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall)
Web Server
